Template:Infobox gallium

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Gallium
Zn ←

ibox Zn

Script error: No such module "Su".Ga  (e)
 → Ge

ibox Ge

File:Mergefrom.svgISOBOX reuse · temporarily taskforce (talk) · Current page: IB-live (gallium) · (edit)
| Article: Gallium  e · h | Isotopes of gallium  e · h | Template: {{Infobox gallium}}  e · h | {{Infobox gallium isotopes}}  e · h |
Useful links: cat:Task list (124) · cat:ref & cmt (0) · CAT:DUPARG · RELC Infobox · RELC Isobox
random todo (ca. 1⁄36): {{[[Template:Infobox Script error: No such module "Random".|Infobox Script error: No such module "Random".]]}}, random all (1⁄124):  · (meta: IB <element> · Isobox <element>)
(
)
| check      =
| checknote1 =
  • check=ok File:Yes check.svgY ok
  • checknote1= no difference
ISOBOX reuse taskforce — Helptext
What is this?
(this text box:
)
Per December 2022, a WP:ELEMENTS taskforce is working to re-use isotopes data. Isotopes present in Isobox <element> are reused in Infobox <element> (read & shown, automatically and real-time).
This task is to check whether the reused data indeed has all abandoned data.
The lefthand table is the Isobox(Ga). This data is live, and is shown in both "Isotopes of gallium", and in Infobox (Ga) → "Gallium". File:Green check.svgY
The righthand (middle of page) table is the old "Main isotopes of element" data from Infobox (Ga), which does not show any more and will be deleted. File:Red x.svgN
Todo
  • A. Please compare & check the two tables and sources. Update the lefthand Isobox as needed.
When the situation is unclear or to be researched, leave a comment in |checknote1=.
When OK, add the following to this Infobox page (edit), inside the {{infobox ..}} template code:
{{Infobox uranium
|check     = ok
|checknote1= Not sure about xyz, someone pls take a look
  • B. Old Infobox parameters |isotopes comment=, |isobox ref= to remove.
Deprecated parameters (done)
Tracked in ref & cmt category (0), as blacklisted parameters.
1. Manually copy/paste from Infobox to Isobox:
|isotopes ref=→|isobox ref=
|isotopes comment=→|isotopes comment=
2.These parameters may then be deleted from the Infobox (and so disappear from the category).
For Z>=E119, there is new parameter |theoretical isotopes comment=.
The table rows ({{isotope .. / .. decay2|mn= ..}} &tc.) now have new |ref=, one per isotope.
File:Yes check.svg Done (Cf, F, Pb). For Z>=E119, there is new parameter |theoretical isotopes comment=.
  • C. Align the named references.
TL;DR: Named references must be checked for exact spelling (c/p). Red messages in article References section.
References can be named, defined and reused over four pages: Article, Isotopes of <element>, {{Infobox <element>}}, {{Infobox <element> isotopes}}. In the wikicode, they appear as <ref name="Hofmann2016">..</ref>, and reused as <ref name="Hofmann2016" />.
Those ref name (reused) and ref content (when redefined) must be exactly the same (true copy/paste).
Misspellings appear as red error messages in the references section of the two live articles.
Resolving: these messages are to be removed by checking and copy/pasting the <syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" id="" style="" inline="1">ref name=</syntaxhighlight> wikicodes.
Sometimes it is easier to remove a reference (already abandoned) from the Infobox completely, after checking it is in the Isobox allright.

Examples demo: IB(U)/s · IB(119)/s · IB(121)/s

Notes
  • |checknote1=My comments is a mini-talk, free to use and expand, to communicate about this element.
|checknote2= same.
  • |check=ok will re-sort this Infobox <element> in the task category from <syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" id="" style="" inline="1">*</syntaxhighlight> (not ok) to <syntaxhighlight lang="text" class="" id="" style="" inline="1">O</syntaxhighlight> (ok).
Text can be different: |check=todo: foobar, will read as "not ok yet".
  • Please do not remove the isotopes data from the Infobox, and do not edit the meta-templates.
OTOH, |isotopes ref=, |isotopes comment= and abandoned references may be deleted from Infobox <element> (see B, C).
  • Other data can be edited as usual.
Standard atomic weight data is not affected (to be ignored).
  • When all Infoboxes are OK and stable, this Isobox reuse task will be ended, data removed.
ISOBOX gallium File:Green check.svgY (child; reused) live
Iso­tope Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
66Ga syn Script error: No such module "val". β+ 66Zn
67Ga syn Script error: No such module "val". ε 67Zn
68Ga syn Script error: No such module "val". β+ 68Zn
69Ga 60.11% stable
70Ga syn Script error: No such module "val". β− 70Ge
ε 70Zn
71Ga 39.89% stable
72Ga syn Script error: No such module "val". β− 72Ge
73Ga syn Script error: No such module "val". β− 73Ge
IB gallium File:Red x.svgN (old data, hidden) live
 
Abun­dance Half-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
66Ga syn 9.5 h β+ 66Zn
67Ga syn 3.3 d ε 67Zn
68Ga syn 1.2 h β+ 68Zn
69Ga 60.11% stable
70Ga syn 21 min β− 70Ge
ε 70Zn
71Ga 39.89% stable
72Ga syn 14.1 h β− 72Ge
73Ga syn 4.9 h β− 73Ge
Gallium, 31Ga
File:Gallium crystals.jpg
Gallium
Pronunciation/ˈɡæliəm/ ​(GAL-ee-əm)
Appearancesilvery blue
Standard atomic weight Ar°(Ga)
  • Script error: No such module "val".
  • Script error: No such module "val". (abridged)[1]
Gallium in the periodic table
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Iron Cobalt Nickel Copper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Silver Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gold Mercury (element) Thallium Lead Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Nihonium Flerovium Moscovium Livermorium Tennessine Oganesson
Al
↑
Ga
↓
In
zinc ← gallium → germanium
Atomic number (Z)31
Block  [[Block (periodic table)#|]]
Electron configuration[Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p1
Electrons per shell2, 8, 18, 3
Physical properties
Phase at STPsolid
Melting point302.9146 K ​(29.7646 °C, ​85.5763 °F)
Boiling point2673 K ​(2400 °C, ​4352 °F)[2]
Density (near r.t.)5.91 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)6.095 g/cm3
Heat of fusion5.59 kJ/mol
Heat of Script error: No such module "Engvar".256 kJ/mol[2]
Molar heat capacity25.86 J/(mol·K)
Script error: No such module "Engvar". pressure
P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T (K) 1310 1448 1620 1838 2125 2518
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−5, −4, −3,[3] −2, −1, 0, +1, +2, +3[4] (an amphoteric oxide)
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 1.81
Script error: No such module "Engvar". energies
  • 1st: 578.8 kJ/mol
  • 2nd: 1979.3 kJ/mol
  • 3rd: 2963 kJ/mol
  • (more)
Atomic radiusempirical: 135 pm
Covalent radius122±3 pm
Van der Waals radius187 pm
File:Gallium spectrum visible.png
Spectral lines of gallium
Other properties
Natural occurrenceprimordial
Crystal structure ​orthorhombic
Speed of sound thin rod2740 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion18 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity40.6 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity270 nΩ⋅m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderingdiamagnetic
Molar magnetic susceptibilityScript error: No such module "val". cm3/mol (at 290 K)[5]
Young's modulus9.8 GPa
Poisson ratio0.47
Mohs hardness1.5
Brinell hardness56.8–68.7 MPa
CAS Number7440-55-3
History
Namingafter Gallia (Latin for: France), homeland of the discoverer
PredictionDmitri Mendeleev (1871)
Discovery and first isolationLecoq de Boisbaudran (1875)
Main isotopes of gallium
Iso­tope Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
66Ga syn Script error: No such module "val". β+ 66Zn
67Ga syn Script error: No such module "val". ε 67Zn
68Ga syn Script error: No such module "val". β+ 68Zn
69Ga 60.11% stable
70Ga syn Script error: No such module "val". β− 70Ge
ε 70Zn
71Ga 39.89% stable
72Ga syn Script error: No such module "val". β− 72Ge
73Ga syn Script error: No such module "val". β− 73Ge
Script error: No such module "Icon". Category: Gallium
| references
Gallium
Zn ←

ibox Zn

Script error: No such module "Su".Ga  (e)
 → Ge

ibox Ge

indexes by PT (page)
  Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers
Top image (caption, alt)
Pronunciation
Allotropes (demo)
Group (demo)
Period (demo)
Block (demo)
Standard atomic weight
  most stable isotope
Natural occurrence
Phase at STP
Oxidation states
Spectral lines image
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)
Wikidata *
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01)
See also {{Index of data sets}} · Category:data sets (0)

References

These references will appear in the article, but this list appears only on this page.
  1. ↑ "Standard Atomic Weights: Gallium". CIAAW. 1987.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Zhang Y; Evans JRG; Zhang S (2011). "Corrected Values for Boiling Points and Enthalpies of Vaporization of Elements in Handbooks". J. Chem. Eng. Data. 56 (2): 328–337. doi:10.1021/je1011086.
  3. ↑ Ga(−3) has been observed in LaGa, see Dürr, Ines; Bauer, Britta; Röhr, Caroline (2011). "Lanthan-Triel/Tetrel-ide La(Al,Ga)x(Si,Ge)1-x. Experimentelle und theoretische Studien zur Stabilität intermetallischer 1:1-Phasen" (PDF). Z. Naturforsch. (in Deutsch). 66b: 1107–1121.
  4. ↑ Hofmann, Patrick (1997). Colture. Ein Programm zur interaktiven Visualisierung von Festkörperstrukturen sowie Synthese, Struktur und Eigenschaften von binären und ternären Alkali- und Erdalkalimetallgalliden (PDF) (Thesis) (in Deutsch). PhD Thesis, ETH Zurich. p. 72. doi:10.3929/ethz-a-001859893. hdl:20.500.11850/143357. ISBN 978-3728125972.
  5. ↑ Weast, Robert (1984). CRC, Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Boca Raton, Florida: Chemical Rubber Company Publishing. pp. E110. ISBN 0-8493-0464-4.

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